Bus differential protection is based on Kirchhoff’s current law, which states that the sum of currents entering a node is zero. A bus is treated as a node, and current measurements are taken from all terminals connected to the bus. Under normal conditions, the currents sum to zero.
How does a bus coupler work?
Bus coupler is a device which is used to couple one bus to the other without any interruption in power supply and without creating hazardous arcs. Bus coupler is a breaker used to couple two busbars in order to perform maintenance on other circuit breakers associated with that busbar.
How does bus differential protection work?
Bus differential protection is based on Kirchhoff’s current law, which states that the sum of currents entering a node is zero. A bus is treated as a node, and current measurements are taken from all terminals connected to the bus. … During a fault, the currents do not sum to zero.
What are the most commonly used scheme for the bus protection?
The most commonly used schemes for bus-zone protection are: 1. Backup Protection for Bus-Bars 2. Frame Leakage or Fault-Bus Protection 3. Differential Overcurrent Protection.
How CT is used for protection?
A Current Transformer (CT) is used to measure the current of another circuit. CTs are used worldwide to monitor high-voltage lines across national power grids. A CT is designed to produce an alternating current in its secondary winding that is proportional to the current that it is measuring in its primary.
What are the requirements of protection of transmission lines?
The protection scheme must satisfy the following requirements: a) Under normal conditions the breakers are not tripped. b) Under fault conditions only the breakers closest to the fault on the source side are tripped. c) If the closest breaker fails to operate, the next breaker closer to the source should trip.
What is percentage differential protection?
Percentage restrained differential relays measure the individual branch currents and quantify the through current in the zone of protection. The percentage restraint characteristic requires that the differential current be greater than a percentage of the through (restraint) current.